Single-Phase Induction Motors
The single-phase engine operates under the same principle as the polyphase engine, except that the rotating magnetic field effect produced by the stator will not exist until running rpm is reached. Since no starting torque is obtainable, a design mechanism is included to begin the motor. They are the various designations:

Torque-Speed Curves of Different Single-Phase Induction Motors

chain sprocket Shaded-pole: Have only 1 main winding no start winding. This configuration causes a shift of the applied magnetic field in relationship to the rotor, creating stating torque. Applications include supporters and small appliances.

Split-Phase (induction start motor)
Has two sets of stator windings. The “start” windings sit 90 degrees to the “run” windings and change the magnetic field of the stator, inducing beginning torque. Applications include small grinders, small followers, and blowers.

Capacitor-Start
The most common single-phase motor used in industrial applications. It really is a modified split-stage engine with a capacitor in series with the start winding to provide a start boost. Program include small conveyors, large blowers, pumps, and direct-drives.

Permanent-Split-Capacitor (PSC)
Uses identical main and auxiliary windings with a capacitor to supply starting torque. They are the most reliable single-phase motor because no centrifugal starting switch is necessary. Applications include supporters and pumps in HVAC and refrigeration industries.